Football is a team sport that is played between two teams of 11 players each. In the early 21st century was played by over 250 million players in over 200 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world.
Ball is played with a ball on a rectangular field covered with grass, with one gate at each end. The game is to score goals entering the ball into opponent's goal. Apart from the goalkeeper, other players can not use hands to handle the ball. Match Winner is the team that scored more goals to end the game.
The origins of football are somewhere over 2,000 years ago. In 2004, the forum that govern the sport worldwide FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) has recognized China as the birthplace of football. Around 200 î.e.n. Chinese played a similar sport called cuju. The rules have evolved over time, thus leading to the sports practiced today.
In spring 2001, FIFA (right)
Tactics
Game laws do not require a different position in the field by any player except the goalkeeper. Over time appeared a number of specific positions. These are:
- defender - specialized player in preventing attempts to brand the opponents;
- midfielder - playing offensive player of the team that organizes and provides assists attackers, while he helps defenders trying to stop attacks from the beginning effects;
- striker - player whose main role is to score goals.
These positions are divided in turn by time spent by a player in a certain part of the field. For example, central defenders, midfielders or left.As I said, these positions are not restricted by rules and footballers are free to change positions during the game. This also applies to goalkeepers, that although most of the time is near its goal, the game can participate offensive team ever. The most common cases are free kicks or corners.
Players on the field layout is called settlement tactics. Examples of tactical settlements: 4-4-2 (four defenders, four midfielders, two forwards), 4-5-1.
Establishing technical and tactical settlement falls under the authority of the team coach.
History and evolution
Rules
These efforts led to the establishment of the Federation of Football Association (FA) in 1863, which met for the first time in the morning of October 26, 1863, the Freemason's Tavern in Great Queen Street, London. The only school that was represented at this meeting was Charterhouse School. Freemason's Tavern was the meeting place of the Federation for a further 5 meetings between October and December. During their first born comprehensive set of rules. At the last meeting, the first FA treasurer, who was representative Blackheath withdrew his club from the FA because of exclusion from regulation, the previous meeting, the two basic rules: the first was one that allowed running with the ball in his hands and second possibility to prevent the opponent by hitting the "shin, by pulling or holding." Other English rugby clubs followed suit and have not joined the FA. But in 1871, they formed the Federation of Rugby (Rugby Football Union).
The 11 remaining clubs in the FA, under the leadership of Ebenezer Cobb Morley have ratified the first 13 rules of the game. Despite this, the Sheffield club continued to play by its own rules, until the 1870s.
Today the rules are set by the International Football Association Board (IFAB). It was founded in 1886 after a meeting of the English Football Federation, the Scottish Federation of Football Federation Cup and Federation Galeze Irish Cup in Manchester.
Premier League football in England was created in 1888 by President club Aston Villa, William McGregor. Original format contained 12 teams from central and northern England.
International Football Federation FIFA, was formed in Paris in 1904, and its representatives have decided to adopt the rules created by the IFAB. The increasing popularity of the game led to union representatives of the two federations (FIFA and IFAB).
Today, their leadership is made up of four FIFA representatives and 1 representative from each federation British were outlined in the mid-nineteenth century to standardize the rules of a variety of similar games, played in schools in Britain. Cambridge rules, like those of today were created at Trinity College in Cambridge in 1848 at a meeting of representatives of several colleges: the College of Eton, Harrow School, Rugby School, College and school Winkester Shrewsbury.
But they were far from being some universal rules. In the 1850s, many clubs were formed, independent schools or universities, who were playing various forms of football. Many used their own rules, the best example being the club Sheffield FC (Formed by former pupils of Harrow School). It was founded in 1857 and the rules created by them led to the formation of Sheffield & Hallamshire Football Federation in 1867. In 1862, John Charles Thring at Uppingham School has created another set of rules commonly used.
Ebenezer Cobb MorleyEbenezer Cobb Morley (1831 – 1924) was an English sportsman and is regarded as the father of The Football Association and modern Football.
Morley was born at 10 Garden Square, Princess Street in Hull and lived in the city until he was 22. He moved to Barnes in 1858 forming the Barnes Club , a founding member of the FA, in 1862. In 1863, as captain of the Mortlake-based club, he wrote to Bell's Life newspaper proposing a governing body for the sport, that led to the first meeting at the Freemasons' Tavern , that created the FA.
He was the FA's first secretary (1863–1866) and its second president (1867–1874) and drafted the first Laws of the Game at his home in Barnes. As a player, he played in the first ever match, against Richmond in 1863, and scored in the first representative match, between the clubs of London and Sheffield on 31 March 1866.
A solicitor by profession, Morley was a keen oarsman , founding the Barnes and Mortlake Regatta for which he was also secretary (1862–1880). He served on Surrey Country Council for Barnes (1903–1919) and was a Justice of the Peace. Morley is buried in a now abandoned graveyard on Barnes Common, Barnes.
